Povzetek
V prispevku avtorica predstavlja najnovejša odkritja polivagalne teorije Stephena Porgesa, na podlagi katere se je razvil bolj učinkovit in poglobljen pogled na razvoj otroka, proces učenja in otroško vedenje. Teorija pojasnjuje, da otrokovo odzivanje največkrat izhaja iz avtonomnega odzivanja na zaznano nevarnost in da je aktivacija socialnega krogotoka najbolj učinkovit način ustvarjanja varnosti. Dražljaji, ki sprožajo samodejni obrambni odziv pri otroku, niso zgolj nevarnosti v njegovem fizičnem okolju, temveč tudi čustvene napetosti iz medosebnega okolja, nadalje hrup, pritisk, rezki zvoki in drugi dražljaji, ki jih je v naši okolici dosti več, kot se jih zavedamo. Prepoznavanje različnih virov dražljajev in poznavanje delovanja socialnega krogotoka nam lahko pomaga ustvariti razmere za bivanje in učenje, ki bodo dovolj varne, da bodo ustavile obrambno odzivanje otrok in omogočile njihovo optimalno sodelovanje v vrstniškem in šolskem okolju.
Abstract
A Child’s Sense of Security and Strengthening the Social Circle
In the article the author presents the latest discoveries of the Polyvagal Theory by Stephen Porges, which has led to a more efficient and in-depth understanding of a child’s development, learning process and behaviour. The theory explains that a child’s reaction most often stems from an autonomic response to a perceived danger and that the activation of a social circle is the most effective way of creating safety. The stimuli that trigger an automatic defensive reaction in a child are not only the dangers in the child’s physical environment, but also the emotional tension in the interpersonal environment, as well as noise, pressure, high-pitched sounds and other stimuli that surround us in far greater numbers than we are aware of. Recognising the different sources of the stimuli and being familiar with the functioning of the social circle can help us to create conditions for living and studying that are safe enough to prevent the children’s defensive reactions and enable them to optimally participate in the peer and school environment.