https://doi.org/10.59132/geo/2024/3/44-53
Izvleček
Prispevek osvetli nekaj dejstev in na kratko opiše okoliščine, ki so oblikovale žusemsko gospostvo in grad Žusem na Kozjanskem. V začetku 11. stoletja je bilo ozemlje svobodna (alodna) posest savinjskega mejnega grofa Viljema II. Po njegovi smrti je posest podedovala žena Hema (sv. Ema). Še pred smrtjo je ustanovila ženski samostan v Krki (Gurk) na Koroškem in nanj prenesla posest. Kmalu je posest prešla v roke krške škofije, ki jo je podeljevala različnim ministerialom (zakupnikom), ki so izhajali z nemškega območja. Grad je bil verjetno pozidan v stoletju in je bil v osnovi romanski. V gotskem obdobju so ga večkrat dozidavali in prezidavali, končno podobo pa je dobil v pozni renesansi, ko so mu prizidali celotno zahodno stran z dvema obrambnima stolpoma. Zadnji lastnik ga je l. 1871 razkril in deloma porušil in od takrat se nekdaj mogočna stavba že 150 let spreminja v ruševine. Tako izginja še eden zgodovinski pomnik in pomembna prvina pokrajinske identitete.
Abstract
Žusem Castle and Nobility
This article offers information on and a brief history of the Žusem nobility and Žusem Castle in Kozjansko. At the beginning of the 11th century, the land was a free (allodial) possession of the Savinja border earl, William II. His wife, Hemma (St. Emma), inherited the estate and transferred it to the women‘s monastery in Krka (Gurk), Carinthia, which she had founded before she died. The Diocese of Gurk soon acquired the estate and granted it to German ministerial tenants. The castle was most likely built in the 12th century and was essentially Romanesque. It was expanded and repaired several times during the Gothic period, but it took on its final form in the late Renaissance when the entire west side was built, together with two defensive towers. The last owner removed the roof and partially demolished the castle in 1871, leaving the once-mighty structure in ruins for 150 years. As a result, another historical monument and integral part of the landscape‘s identity is being eradicated.